Electrical regulating system



May 19, 1931@ F. 'A. BYLES ELECTRICAL REGULATING SYSTEI Filed Feb. 26, 19:50

Inventor":

' Frank 'Abgles. b8 His Attorney.

Patented May 19, 1 931 i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FRANK A. BYLES, OF SCOTIA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR '10 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK ELECTRICAL REGULATING SYSTEM.

Application filed February 26, 1930. Serial No. 481,594.

My invention relates to electrical regulasite to the voltage change across the termitors and regulating systems and particularly nals of the field vwinding of the regulated to vibratory contact type voltage regulators. machine, a more rapid action of the vibra- It often happens that in places where large tory anti-hunting means of the ordinary reg- 5 dynamo electric machines are installed there ulator and consequently an improved op- 55 is available a suitable source of direct current eration thereof could be achieved by connectfor excitation purposes, thus rendering the ing the anti-hunting coil across the terminals use of individual exciters for these machines of the former. I propose to secure the im-' unnecessary; Such a situation is quite comproved result through the use of a difi'erenmon in large generatin stations where the tially wound operating means for the antic0 demand for a considera le supply. of direct hunting elements. current for the operation of station auxilia- It is an object of my invention to provide ries, as well as for excitation purposes, rena new and improved electrical regulator and ders it economical to generate this supply regulating system,

with a single machine. It is another object of my invention to it Under these circumstances it is not feasiprovide means for increasing the speed of ble to vary the voltage of the direct current operation of the anti-hunting element of a supply in order to secure regulation of the Tirrill type regulator when associated with excitation of the main dynamo electric maa counter electromotive force machine.

chines because such variations in voltage may My invention will be better understood 70 have a detrimental effect upon the operation from the following description taken in conof other apparatus connected to the direct nection with the accom anying drawing and current supply and also because if there is its scope will be pointe out in the appended more than one main machine it is unlikely claims. a

that each will require the same variation in Referring now to the single figure of the 75 excitation at the same time. It is also usually accompanying drawing which is a digramimpractical to have the regulators operate matic illustration of a preferred embodiment directly on the field circuits of large machines of my invention and in which 1 represents :1. because of the considerable magnitudeof the dynamo electric machine whose Volta e is currents involved. Consequently, in situa regulated by a vibratory contact regu ator ac tions as described above, it is not uncommon 13 which operates on the field circuit of a to insert in the field circuit of a regulated counter electromotive force generator conmachine a so-called counter electromotive nected in the field circuit of the re ulated force machine, which may be either a motor machine. Machine 1 may be practically any or generator, the regulator being connected type of dynamo electric machme, but for the to operate on the field circuit of this machine. purposes of this description it will be as- In accordance with this practice the anti sumed to be a synchronous generator or alhunting means of the regulator has heretoternator having an armature 3 which is confore been connected across the field winding nected to a load circuit 4 and a field winding of the re ulated machine. I have found, 2 which is ener ized from a direct current however, t at, due to the inductance of the supply bus 5. or controlling the current field winding, it takes considerably longer through field winding 2 for regulating purfor a voltage change to make itself felt at poses there is a direct current motor generathe terminals of the field winding, as a. result tor set 6, the generator thereof having its- 45 of the operation of the regulator, than it does armature 8 connected in the circuit with the 96 for the voltage to change across the terminals field winding 2 of the regulated machine. A of the. counter electromotive force machine. suitable adjustable resistance 11 is also con- Therefore, we 2 it not for the fact that the nected in this circuit to provide for manual voltage change across the terminals of the control of the-field excitation. Field windcounter electromotive force machine is oppoing 9 of generator 8 is separately excited from 100.

cuit is connected a suitable current limiting resistance 12. Motor 10 of the motor generator set 6 is shown as a shunt motor whose terminals are connected across the direct current supply bus 5.

Regulator 13]includes the essent al elements of the well known regulator of the Tirrill type. Control contacts 14 and 15 thereof are connected so as to short circuit I field winding 9 when they are in engagement.

The operating means forcontact 14 comprises the usual pivoted lever and core -ar-* rangement 16 and a main control coil 17 which is connected in series with asuitable current limiting resistance 18 across a supply circuit 4 through a potential transformer 19. It will thus be seen that in accordance with the usual mode of operation of these elements contact 14 will vary its positions in response to variations in the voltage of circuit 4. Regulator 13 is therefore shown as a voltage regulator. However, as the description of my invention proceeds it will become obvious to those skilled in the 'artthat any other well known connections of coil 17 to circuit 4 so as to make contact 14 responsive to variations in current, power, power factor, or any other electrical condition of circuit 4 may equally well be employed without departin from my invention in its broader aspects. he usua1 dash t 20 is connected to the lever system 16 1n order to dampen the movement of contact 14.

The anti-hunting elements of regulator 13 com rise contact 15, the usual system of operating levers 21, the anti-hunting coil 22, which is connected in series with a resistance 23 across the terminals of the counter electromotive force generators armature 8, and the restraining spring 24, which for the sake of simplicity is shown as a' single spring although in actual practice it usually embodies the well known arrangement of four separate springs which are arran ed to be successively stressed at various positlons of the system of operating levers. Associated with anti-hunting coil 22 I provide an additional constantly energized coil 25 which I haveshown connected across the direct current supply bus 5. In this circuit is connected a suitable current limiting resistance 26. c

The operation of my regulating system is as follows. Assume that machine 1 is being driven by a. suitable prime mover at its rated speed, that direct current supply bus 5 is energized from a suitable source, and that theload on circuit 4 is constant. Under these assumed circumstances contact 14 will remain stationary as there is no externally produced tendency for the voltage of circuit 4 to change. The anti-hunting means ofregu-' lator 13 will at this time be causing a rapid vibratory engagement and disengagement of contacts 14 and 15, through the motion of contact 15, in order to hold constant excitation on machine 1. This action is as follows. Assume that contacts 14 and 15 are in engagement. In this condition field winding 9 of the counter electromotive force generator is short circuited thereby producing a minimum excitation and hence a minimum enerated voltage across the terminals of this machine with the result that a maximum voltage will be impressed across the terminals of field winding 2. The tendency therefore is to increase the terminal voltage of machine 1. However, due to the comparatively lar e inductance of field winding 2 the voltage c ange across the terminals of armature 8 takes place faster than the current through field winding 2 changes. It will be seen that as the engagement of contacts 14 and 15 results in a decrease in the terminal voltage of the counter electromotive force generator there results a decrease in the energization of the anti-hunting coil 22 which would therefore ordinarily stances theproper tendency should be for the 2 contacts 14 and 15 to disengage.

In order to secure the proper operation of the anti-hunting elements I energize coil25 in such a way that its magneto motive force opposes that of coil 22 and also so that its magneto motive force or number of ampere turns is greater than the maximum magneto motive force of number of'ampereturns .of coil 22. It will thus be seen thatas the energization of coil 22 decreases the net excitation or magneto motive force or ampere turns of coils 22 and 25 taken together increaseswith the result that contact 15 becomes disen aged from contact 14. The short circuit 0 field winding 9 is then removed with the result that the voltage of the counter electromotive force generator increases thereby to increase the excitation of coil 22. 7 However, this increase in the excitation of coil 22 makes its energization more nearly equal to that of coil 1 25 thereby reducing the net excitation of the two coils 22 and 25 with the result that contacts 14 and 15 again become engaged. This change. Such a change will cause the excitation of main control coil 17to vary so as to 1 move contact 14. If the movement is upward as "a'result of a decrease in" voltage on line 4, contacts 14 and 15 will be in engagement 3.

- greaterportion of the timethereby rlecreasf ing the average current flow to the field winding of the counter electromotive force genera,-

tor 'with thje result that the excitation and;

consequently the voltage of machine 1 increases. As soon as the voltage of circuit 4 returns to normal contact 14 will cease to move and the anti-hunting elementsyvill continue their vibratory mov ement in order to hold a new average valueof excitation because as contact 14 is in a higher position it will require a greater force to separate the contacts due to the factthat spring 24 is under greater tension.

While I have shown and described a particular embodiment of my invention it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from myinvention and I, therefore, aim in the ap ended claims to cover all such changes an modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In an electrical regulating system, a vibratory contact regulator, said regulator including a multi-coil anti-hunting magnet, means under the control of said magnet for varying an electrical condition to be regulated inversely as the net magneto motive force of said magnet varies, one of said coils being connected across a voltage which is controlled by said regulator and which varies inversely with regulated changes in said regulated quantity, another of said coils, being connected across a voltage which is controlled by said regulator and which varies inversely with regulated changes in said regulated quantity, another of said coils being connected to a substantially constant voltage source of energy so that its magneto motive force is opposite to and greater than that of said first mentioned coil.

2. The combination with a vibratory contact regulator includin an anti-hunting coil, of means associated w th said coil for producing a constant magneto motive force which is opposite to and always greater than the ma eto motive force of said anti-hunting coi 3. In combination, a regulated dynamo electric machine, a field winding therefor, a source of substantially constant voltage direct current connected to said winding, a counter electromotive force dynamo electric machine in the field winding circuit of said first mentioned machine, a vibratory contact regulator including an anti-hunting coil connected to regulate an electrical condition of said first mentioned machine through control of the excitation of said counter electromotive force machine, means connecting said anti-hunting coil across the terminals of said counter electro-motive force machine, a

coil associated with said anti-hunting coil,

and means energizin saidlast mentioned coil lnsuch a manner t at its ma eto motive force opposes that of said antiunting coil.

4. In a regulating system, in combination, a dynamo electric machine having an armature winding and a field winding, 'a power circuit connected to said armature windin a source of substantially constant voltage direct current connected to said field windin' a counter electromotive force dynamo electric machine in series with said field winding, an electrical regulator, having an anti-hunting coil, associated with said power circuit and said dynamo electric machine, said anti-hunting coil being connected across the terminals of said counter electromotive force machine, a coil associated with said anti-huntin coil and means for causing said last mentioned coil to produce a magneto motive force which is opposite to and greater than the magneto moltlve force produced by said anti-hunting CO1 5. In a regulating system, in combination,

a polyphase power circuit, a polyphase synchronous machine having its armature winding connected thereto, a substantially constant voltage source of direct current connected to the field winding of said machine,

a direct current motor generator set, the moa vibratory coil, and means for energizing said coil so that its magneto motive force is opposite and greater than the maximum magneto motive force of said anti-hunting coil.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 25th diiiy of Februar 1930.

RANK A. YLES. I 

